Children 6-8 years old begin to understand that their peers think differently from them
Sense of Self
Children 8-11 years old describe themselves in traits that they possess
Example: nice, helpful, smart, dumb, mean
Self Esteem: global evaluation of the self
Self Concept: Specific evaluations of the self
Example: Academic, Athletic, Apperence
Self Efficiency: The belief that one can master a situation and produce a favorable outcome
At this point in development, children understand that they can feel more than one emotion in a situation
Moral Development
Now have the ability to suppress or conceal negative emotions & reaction
3 Levels of Moral Development
Preconvential Reasoning: "What's in it for me?
Rewards & Punishment
Conventional Reasoning: abide by certain standards
Parents or laws of society
Postconventional Resoning
Morality is internal
Children in the beginning of their teenage years try to figure out who they are, who they are attracted to, and who they want their friends to be.
Moral Reasoning: Behavior, unconscious, or culture related
Family Moral Development: Parent-child relationships. It is the job of the parents to show and teach good morals to their children
Sexual Identity
Teens that engage in sexual activities early are more likely to engage in drug and alcohol use at an early age or come from a low socioeconomic background
Finding Their Identity
Hello all! My name is Erik Erikson and I studied early childhood development. During this stage in development, your child is going through one of my 8 stages: identity vs. identity confusion
College helps to find true identity
- Not many social commitments & schools norms that you should follow
- Identity isn't found by rebelling against parents
Those who have grown up as a minority decide if they identify as, for example, an Asian American or an American with Asian features
Erik Erikson
Bicultural Identity: Identity partially with ethnic group and also with culture majority
*could lead to discrimination & racism
Religion & Spirituality has either a lot, little, or no importance in a person's life. However, at this point in development (around 18 and older) religion isn't as important in their lives.
-This importance decreases due to getting a job, leaving home, and finding a sexual partner
​
- 73% of American college freshman attend church
Referenced and used info from 17th Edition Life Span & Development written by John Santrock